Secure multiparty computation (MPC) is a subfield of cryptography with the goal of creating methods for parties to jointly compute a function over their inputs while keeping those inputs private. MPC protocols have found applications in electronic voting, cloud computing, and more recently machine learning.
In the context of machine learning, MPC can be used to train models on data that is distributed among multiple parties, without any party seeing the training data of the other parties. This has important applications in privacy-preserving analytics, where companies may want to jointly train a model on their data without revealing their individual data sets to each other.
Associations are progressively worried about information security in a few situations, including gathering and holding delicate individual data; handling individual data in outside conditions, like the cloud; and data sharing. Ordinarily carried out arrangements don’t serious areas of strength for give from information burglary and protection exposures.
Protection and hazard the board experts are especially worried about the protection and security of information utilized in examination and shared remotely. Consistence to protection guidelines, for example, the US State of California Consumer Privacy Act (CCPA), the EU General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) and other arising guidelines all over the planet require methods for secure handling of delicate information. New ways to deal with protection saving figuring that are straightforward to business cycles can open new open doors and assist with tracking down the right harmony between security, security and consistence
MPC protocols for machine learning typically involve two phases: a training phase and a prediction phase.
- In the training phase, the parties jointly train a model on their data.
- In the prediction phase, the trained model is used to make predictions on new inputs, without any of the parties revealing their inputs to the other parties. Check RemoteDBA.
MPC protocols for machine learning can be divided into two categories: those that require a trusted third party (TTP), and those that do not.
TTP-based protocols are typically more efficient in terms of communication and computational complexity, but they require the existence of a trustworthy third party. Non-TTP protocols are more robust to faults and attacks, but they are typically less efficient.
We will focus on MPC protocols that do not require a trusted third party.
- These protocols are more robust to faults and attacks, and they are typically more efficient in terms of communication and computational complexity.
- MPC protocols for machine learning can be divided into two categories: those that require a trusted third party (TTP), and those that do not. TTP-based protocols are typically more efficient in terms of communication and computational complexity, but they require the existence of a trustworthy third party. Non-TTP protocols are more robust to faults and attacks, but they are typically less efficient.
- One type of MPC protocol that does not require a TTP is the fully homomorphic encryption (FHE) based protocol. In this type of protocol, the data is encrypted using FHE, and the model is trained on the encrypted data. The advantage of this approach is that the data remains private during the training process. However, the disadvantage is that FHE is computationally very expensive, and therefore these protocols are not practical for large-scale machine learning tasks.
- Another type of MPC protocol that does not require a TTP is the secure multi-party computation (MPC) based protocol. In this type of protocol, the data is divided among the parties, and each party computes a function over its own input. The results of these functions are then combined to produce the final result. The advantage of this approach is that it is very efficient in terms of communication and computational complexity. However, the disadvantage is that the data is not encrypted during the training process, and therefore these protocols are not private.
- A third type of MPC protocol that does not require a TTP is the homomorphic encryption (HE) based protocol. In this type of protocol, the data is encrypted using HE, and the model is trained on the encrypted data. The advantage of this approach is that the data remains private during the training process. However, the disadvantage is that HE is computationally very expensive, and therefore these protocols are not practical for large-scale machine learning tasks.
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Conclusion:
MPC protocols can be classified by several criteria, including the type of data they can be used on, the type of algorithm they use, and whether or not they require a trusted third party. MPC protocols that do not require a trusted third party are more robust to faults and attacks, and they are typically more efficient in terms of communication and computational complexity. Private data is data that is not publicly available, and therefore the protocol must ensure that the data remains private during the training process. Public data is data that is publicly available, and therefore the protocol does not need to ensure that the data remains private during the training process.
